Make ws::Message an enum for easier frame type matching (#116)

* feat(ws): make Message an enum to allow pattern matching

* fix(examples): update to new websockets `Message`

* fix(ws): remove wildcard imports

* fix(examples/chat): apply clippy's never_loop

* style: `cargo fmt`

* docs:add license notes above parts that are copied

* fix(ws): make CloseCode an alias to u16

* fix: move Message from src/ws/mod.rs to src/extract/ws.rs

* docs: add changelog entry about websocket messages

* fix: remove useless convertions to the same type

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
   required for returning responses with bodies other than `hyper::Body` from
   handlers. See the docs for advice on how to implement `IntoResponse` ([#86](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/86))
 - Change WebSocket API to use an extractor ([#121](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/121))
+- Make WebSocket Message an enum ([#116](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/116))
 - Add `RoutingDsl::or` for combining routes. ([#108](https://github.com/tokio-rs/axum/pull/108))
 - Ensure a `HandleError` service created from `axum::ServiceExt::handle_error`
   _does not_ implement `RoutingDsl` as that could lead to confusing routing

examples/chat.rs

@@ -59,17 +59,19 @@ async fn websocket(stream: WebSocket, state: Arc<AppState>) {
     let mut username = String::new();
 
     // Loop until a text message is found.
-    while let Some(Ok(msg)) = receiver.next().await {
+    while let Some(Ok(message)) = receiver.next().await {
-        if let Some(name) = msg.to_str() {
+        if let Message::Text(name) = message {
             // If username that is sent by client is not taken, fill username string.
-            check_username(&state, &mut username, name);
+            check_username(&state, &mut username, &name);
 
             // If not empty we want to quit the loop else we want to quit function.
             if !username.is_empty() {
                 break;
             } else {
                 // Only send our client that username is taken.
-                let _ = sender.send(Message::text("Username already taken.")).await;
+                let _ = sender
+                    .send(Message::Text(String::from("Username already taken.")))
+                    .await;
 
                 return;
             }
@@ -87,7 +89,7 @@ async fn websocket(stream: WebSocket, state: Arc<AppState>) {
     let mut send_task = tokio::spawn(async move {
         while let Ok(msg) = rx.recv().await {
             // In any websocket error, break loop.
-            if sender.send(Message::text(msg)).await.is_err() {
+            if sender.send(Message::Text(msg)).await.is_err() {
                 break;
             }
         }
@@ -99,11 +101,9 @@ async fn websocket(stream: WebSocket, state: Arc<AppState>) {
 
     // This task will receive messages from client and send them to broadcast subscribers.
     let mut recv_task = tokio::spawn(async move {
-        while let Some(Ok(msg)) = receiver.next().await {
+        while let Some(Ok(Message::Text(text))) = receiver.next().await {
-            if let Some(text) = msg.to_str() {
+            // Add username before message.
-                // Add username before message.
+            let _ = tx.send(format!("{}: {}", name, text));
-                let _ = tx.send(format!("{}: {}", name, text));
-            }
         }
     });
 

examples/websocket.rs

@@ -84,7 +84,11 @@ async fn handle_socket(mut socket: WebSocket) {
     }
 
     loop {
-        if socket.send(Message::text("Hi!")).await.is_err() {
+        if socket
+            .send(Message::Text(String::from("Hi!")))
+            .await
+            .is_err()
+        {
             println!("client disconnected");
             return;
         }

src/extract/ws.rs

@@ -53,13 +53,15 @@ use hyper::upgrade::{OnUpgrade, Upgraded};
 use sha1::{Digest, Sha1};
 use std::{
     borrow::Cow,
-    fmt,
     future::Future,
     pin::Pin,
     task::{Context, Poll},
 };
 use tokio_tungstenite::{
-    tungstenite::protocol::{self, WebSocketConfig},
+    tungstenite::{
+        self,
+        protocol::{self, WebSocketConfig},
+    },
     WebSocketStream,
 };
 use tower::BoxError;
@@ -336,7 +338,10 @@ impl WebSocket {
 
     /// Send a message.
     pub async fn send(&mut self, msg: Message) -> Result<(), BoxError> {
-        self.inner.send(msg.inner).await.map_err(Into::into)
+        self.inner
+            .send(msg.into_tungstenite())
+            .await
+            .map_err(Into::into)
     }
 
     /// Gracefully close this WebSocket.
@@ -353,7 +358,7 @@ impl Stream for WebSocket {
             option_msg.map(|result_msg| {
                 result_msg
                     .map_err(Into::into)
-                    .map(|inner| Message { inner })
+                    .map(Message::from_tungstenite)
             })
         })
     }
@@ -368,7 +373,7 @@ impl Sink<Message> for WebSocket {
 
     fn start_send(mut self: Pin<&mut Self>, item: Message) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
         Pin::new(&mut self.inner)
-            .start_send(item.inner)
+            .start_send(item.into_tungstenite())
             .map_err(Into::into)
     }
 
@@ -381,142 +386,131 @@ impl Sink<Message> for WebSocket {
     }
 }
 
+/// Status code used to indicate why an endpoint is closing the WebSocket connection.
+pub type CloseCode = u16;
+
+/// A struct representing the close command.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq)]
+pub struct CloseFrame<'t> {
+    /// The reason as a code.
+    pub code: CloseCode,
+    /// The reason as text string.
+    pub reason: Cow<'t, str>,
+}
+
 /// A WebSocket message.
-#[derive(Eq, PartialEq, Clone)]
+//
-pub struct Message {
+// This code comes from https://github.com/snapview/tungstenite-rs/blob/master/src/protocol/message.rs and is under following license:
-    inner: protocol::Message,
+// Copyright (c) 2017 Alexey Galakhov
+// Copyright (c) 2016 Jason Housley
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+// THE SOFTWARE.
+#[derive(Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Clone)]
+pub enum Message {
+    /// A text WebSocket message
+    Text(String),
+    /// A binary WebSocket message
+    Binary(Vec<u8>),
+    /// A ping message with the specified payload
+    ///
+    /// The payload here must have a length less than 125 bytes
+    Ping(Vec<u8>),
+    /// A pong message with the specified payload
+    ///
+    /// The payload here must have a length less than 125 bytes
+    Pong(Vec<u8>),
+    /// A close message with the optional close frame.
+    Close(Option<CloseFrame<'static>>),
 }
 
 impl Message {
-    /// Construct a new Text `Message`.
+    fn into_tungstenite(self) -> tungstenite::Message {
-    pub fn text<S>(s: S) -> Message
+        // TODO: maybe some shorter way to do that?
-    where
+        match self {
-        S: Into<String>,
+            Self::Text(text) => tungstenite::Message::Text(text),
-    {
+            Self::Binary(binary) => tungstenite::Message::Binary(binary),
-        Message {
+            Self::Ping(ping) => tungstenite::Message::Ping(ping),
-            inner: protocol::Message::text(s),
+            Self::Pong(pong) => tungstenite::Message::Pong(pong),
+            Self::Close(Some(close)) => {
+                tungstenite::Message::Close(Some(tungstenite::protocol::CloseFrame {
+                    code: tungstenite::protocol::frame::coding::CloseCode::from(close.code),
+                    reason: close.reason,
+                }))
+            }
+            Self::Close(None) => tungstenite::Message::Close(None),
         }
     }
 
-    /// Construct a new Binary `Message`.
+    fn from_tungstenite(message: tungstenite::Message) -> Self {
-    pub fn binary<V>(v: V) -> Message
+        // TODO: maybe some shorter way to do that?
-    where
+        match message {
-        V: Into<Vec<u8>>,
+            tungstenite::Message::Text(text) => Self::Text(text),
-    {
+            tungstenite::Message::Binary(binary) => Self::Binary(binary),
-        Message {
+            tungstenite::Message::Ping(ping) => Self::Ping(ping),
-            inner: protocol::Message::binary(v),
+            tungstenite::Message::Pong(pong) => Self::Pong(pong),
-        }
+            tungstenite::Message::Close(Some(close)) => Self::Close(Some(CloseFrame {
-    }
+                code: close.code.into(),
-
+                reason: close.reason,
-    /// Construct a new Ping `Message`.
-    pub fn ping<V: Into<Vec<u8>>>(v: V) -> Message {
-        Message {
-            inner: protocol::Message::Ping(v.into()),
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Construct a new Pong `Message`.
-    ///
-    /// Note that one rarely needs to manually construct a Pong message because
-    /// the underlying tungstenite socket automatically responds to the Ping
-    /// messages it receives. Manual construction might still be useful in some
-    /// cases like in tests or to send unidirectional heartbeats.
-    pub fn pong<V: Into<Vec<u8>>>(v: V) -> Message {
-        Message {
-            inner: protocol::Message::Pong(v.into()),
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Construct the default Close `Message`.
-    pub fn close() -> Message {
-        Message {
-            inner: protocol::Message::Close(None),
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Construct a Close `Message` with a code and reason.
-    pub fn close_with<C, R>(code: C, reason: R) -> Message
-    where
-        C: Into<u16>,
-        R: Into<Cow<'static, str>>,
-    {
-        Message {
-            inner: protocol::Message::Close(Some(protocol::frame::CloseFrame {
-                code: protocol::frame::coding::CloseCode::from(code.into()),
-                reason: reason.into(),
             })),
+            tungstenite::Message::Close(None) => Self::Close(None),
         }
     }
 
-    /// Returns true if this message is a Text message.
+    /// Consume the WebSocket and return it as binary data.
-    pub fn is_text(&self) -> bool {
+    pub fn into_data(self) -> Vec<u8> {
-        self.inner.is_text()
+        match self {
-    }
+            Self::Text(string) => string.into_bytes(),
-
+            Self::Binary(data) | Self::Ping(data) | Self::Pong(data) => data,
-    /// Returns true if this message is a Binary message.
+            Self::Close(None) => Vec::new(),
-    pub fn is_binary(&self) -> bool {
+            Self::Close(Some(frame)) => frame.reason.into_owned().into_bytes(),
-        self.inner.is_binary()
-    }
-
-    /// Returns true if this message a is a Close message.
-    pub fn is_close(&self) -> bool {
-        self.inner.is_close()
-    }
-
-    /// Returns true if this message is a Ping message.
-    pub fn is_ping(&self) -> bool {
-        self.inner.is_ping()
-    }
-
-    /// Returns true if this message is a Pong message.
-    pub fn is_pong(&self) -> bool {
-        self.inner.is_pong()
-    }
-
-    /// Try to get the close frame (close code and reason)
-    pub fn close_frame(&self) -> Option<(u16, &str)> {
-        if let protocol::Message::Close(Some(close_frame)) = &self.inner {
-            Some((close_frame.code.into(), close_frame.reason.as_ref()))
-        } else {
-            None
         }
     }
 
-    /// Try to get a reference to the string text, if this is a Text message.
+    /// Attempt to consume the WebSocket message and convert it to a String.
-    pub fn to_str(&self) -> Option<&str> {
+    pub fn into_text(self) -> Result<String, BoxError> {
-        if let protocol::Message::Text(s) = &self.inner {
+        match self {
-            Some(s)
+            Self::Text(string) => Ok(string),
-        } else {
+            Self::Binary(data) | Self::Ping(data) | Self::Pong(data) => {
-            None
+                Ok(String::from_utf8(data).map_err(|err| err.utf8_error())?)
+            }
+            Self::Close(None) => Ok(String::new()),
+            Self::Close(Some(frame)) => Ok(frame.reason.into_owned()),
         }
     }
 
-    /// Return the bytes of this message, if the message can contain data.
+    /// Attempt to get a &str from the WebSocket message,
-    pub fn as_bytes(&self) -> &[u8] {
+    /// this will try to convert binary data to utf8.
-        match self.inner {
+    pub fn to_text(&self) -> Result<&str, BoxError> {
-            protocol::Message::Text(ref s) => s.as_bytes(),
+        match *self {
-            protocol::Message::Binary(ref v) => v,
+            Self::Text(ref string) => Ok(string),
-            protocol::Message::Ping(ref v) => v,
+            Self::Binary(ref data) | Self::Ping(ref data) | Self::Pong(ref data) => {
-            protocol::Message::Pong(ref v) => v,
+                Ok(std::str::from_utf8(data)?)
-            protocol::Message::Close(_) => &[],
+            }
+            Self::Close(None) => Ok(""),
+            Self::Close(Some(ref frame)) => Ok(&frame.reason),
         }
     }
-
-    /// Destructure this message into binary data.
-    pub fn into_bytes(self) -> Vec<u8> {
-        self.inner.into_data()
-    }
-}
-
-impl fmt::Debug for Message {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
-        self.inner.fmt(f)
-    }
 }
 
 impl From<Message> for Vec<u8> {
     fn from(msg: Message) -> Self {
-        msg.into_bytes()
+        msg.into_data()
     }
 }